Computer Science 1: November 2014

Saturday, 8 November 2014

2nd Quarter Summary

What I've learned this 2nd quarter:

Know the different kinds of Protocols
Learn about the Top Level Domains
Know different tips and tricks in Web Searching
Follow the Netiquette
Make a webpage using HTML
Design a webpage using CSS

What I like about our topic is that it's very challenging and tricky, especially when our teacher ask us to make a webpage.

Making the webpage gave me a hard time, fun as the same, making it. At first, it is very depressing making it because it's very complicated because if mess up one of the code it will ruin the whole page, so I've worked slowly but not very surely. After making it, I was very happy because I know that I've worked hard making it, I gave it all I got. I'm very glad about the result of my hard work. :)

For more information

To know more about CSS and HTML, you can visit w3schools, and learn everything you need to learn.

http://www.w3schools.com/

CSS

Lets go to our next topic and that is CSS.
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheet.

Cascading: Multiple styles can overlap in order to specify a range of style from a whole web site down to a unique element. Which style gets applied pertains to the rules of CSS cascading logic.

Style: CSS deals specifically with the presentation domain of designing a web page (color, font, layout, etc).

Sheet: Normally, CSS is a file separate from the HTML file –linked to the HTML file through its <head> (exceptions apply).

Significance of CSS

Allows for much richer document appearances
Reduce workload by centralizing commands for visual appearance instead of scattered throughout HTML doc.
Use same style on multiple pages
Reduce page size
Use HTML for content; CSS for Presentation.

3 Implementations

In-line - as attribute
Embedded/Internal - as a style tag
Internal - linked from CSS files

Selectors

Element Selectors
Class Selectors
ID Selectors
Pseudo Selectors

HTML Image, Hyperlink, Table

HTML Images

The <img> tag and Src Attribute

images are defined with the <img> tag

<img> tag is empty, which means that it contains attributes only, and has no closing tag

Src stands for "source" which contains the URL of the image you want to display.

example: <img src="banana.jpg" alt="batag">

example: <img src="balangay.jpg" alt="boat" width="300" height="400">

HTML Table

tables are define with the <table> tag

divided with rows (with the <tr> tag)

each row is divided into data cells (with the <td> tag)

<td> tag can contain texts, links, images, lists, forms, other tables, etc.

Header information in a table are defined with <th> tag

HTML Hyperlinks (Links)

<a> tag defines a hyperlink

hyperlink (or link) is a word, group of words, or image that you can click on to jump to another document

href document indicates the link's destination

example: <a href="http://www.anime-realm.com/">Watch Anime here<a/>

Information: (c) Another Sir Tom's Presentation
Images: (c) Google Images

HTML Text Formating

Here are some HTML Tags:

Tags:

<big> Defines big text

<em> Defines emphasized text

<small> Defines small text

<strong> Defines strong text

<sub> Defines subscripted text

<sup> Defines superscripted text

<ins> Defines inserted text

<del> Defines deleted text

HTML Fonts and Colors

<font>

specifies the font face, font size, and font color of text
not supported in HTML 5. Use CSS instead.

<font>

element is deprecated in HTML 4.01

<div>

defines a division or a section in an HTML document
used to group block-elements to format them with CSS

<span>

used to group inline-elements in a document

HTML Color

Color Name
Hexadecimal Value

Friday, 7 November 2014

HTML

After discussing Netiquette. We go to our next topic, and that is HTML.

So, What is HTML?

HTML

stands for Hyper Text Markup Language
language for describing web pages.
is a markup language
A markup language is a set of markup tags
tags describe document content
HTML documents contain HTML tags and plain text
HTML documents are also called Web Pages.

HTML Tags

HTML markup tags are usually called HTML tags
are keywords (tag names) surrounded by angle brackets
normally come in pairs
the first tag in the pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag
The end tag is written like the start tag, with a forward slash before the tag name
Start and end tags are also called opening tags and closing tags.

HTML Elements

"HTML Tags" and "HTML Elements" are often used to describe the same thing
But strictly speaking, an HTML element is everything between the start and end tag.

HTML Attributes

HTML elements can have attributes
Attributes provide additional information to an element
Attributes are always specified in the start tag
Attributes come in name/value pairs like: name="value"

For me, HTML is the hardest topic that we tackled in our second quarter. It's very complicated compared to CMD in our first grading.

The Rules Of Netiquette

1. Remember the human
Test before posting/sending: Would you say it to the person's face? If not, reword and reread.

2. Behave online as you do in real life
Standards of behavior may be different in some areas of cyberspace but they are not lower than in real life.

3. Know where you are in cyberspace

Look around in new domains, listen to the chat, read the archives, figure out how people already there act, then join in and participate.

4. Respect other people's time and bandwidth
Ensure the time people spend reading your information isn’t wasted. No spamming - widely posting junk mail.

5. Make yourself look good online

You will be judged on the quality of your writing -spelling and grammar do count. Don;t post flame-bait (don't use offensive language or be confrontational for the sake of confrontation).

6. Share expert knowledge

Post resource list and bibliographies in the area of your expertise. The Internet was created for sharing information - help make the world a better place.

7. Help keep flame wars under control
Flame wars (series of angry letters between two or three people) are forbidden.
Flaming - what people do when they express a strongly held emotion without holding back any emotion.

8. Respect other people's privacy
You wouldn't look through a classmate's documents/messages, don't look through personal e-mail.

9. Don't abuse your power
Knowing more than others, or having more power than they do, does not give you the right to take advantage of them

10. Be forgiving of other people's mistakes
Everyone was a beginner, network newbie, at some point. Pointing out netiquette violations are often examples of poor netiquette. Think twice before pointing out mistakes and do it privately and politely.

(c) Sir Tom's Powerpoint Presention
.

Netiquette

After we discussed about the web tricks, we go to our next lesson which is about the Netiquette.

First of all, What is Netiquette?

Netiquette is the combination of Internet and Etiquette.

Internet - global system of interconnected computer networks that use standard internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to link several billion devices worldwide.

Etiquette - The forms required by good breeding, or prescribed by authority, to be observed in social or official life

Netiquette - set of rules for behaving properly online

Internet + Etiquette = Netiquette

Here are The Core Rules of Netiquette:

Rule 1: Remember the human

Rule 2: Behave online as you do in real life

Rule 3: Know where you are in cyberspace

Rule 4: Respect other people's time and bandwidth

Rule 5: Make yourself good online

Rule 6: Share expert knowledge

Rule 7: Help keep flame wars under control

Rule 8: Respect other people's privacy

Rule 9: Don't abuse your power

Rule 10: Be forgiving on other people's mistakes

That's all, I hope learned something. :)

Just remember, Keep Calm and Follow Netiquette.

Source of information: (c) Sir Tom

Saturday, 1 November 2014

Tips and Tricks

Our teacher taught us some ways, tips and tricks in Web Searching

First is, Use Web Friendly Words.

For example, instead of saying 'my head hurts', say 'headache'

Next is, Less is More.

Less word search terms will give you more search results.

Third, Search with an exact phrase.

Put quotation marks around words to search for an exact phrase in an exact order.

You can also, Search within a specific site and search by file type and exclude a word or site.

example, Noragami:anime-realm.com. Add '*search item*:*insert site here*'
example, Diary ng Panget:pdf. Add '*search item*:*insert type here*'
example to exclude a word, DNP- panget. To exclude a site, DNP- site:wattpad.com

You can also get Time, Number & Currency conversion, Definitions.

We can also Check the Weather and Calculate.

DNS

Helloooooo. I'm here to tell you aaaaalllllll about our second topic. :D :)

The second topic that we tackled is Domain Name System or simply called as DNS.

Domain Name System is a hierarchical distributed naming system for computers, services, or any resources connected to an Internet or a private network.

Domain - contains a group of computers that can be accessed and administered with a common set of rules.
Subdomain - a domain within a domain.

Domain Name Space is organized into a naming hierarchy which is used to identify domains that are at different levels in the DNS domain hierarchical tree. Their purpose is to provide name server operations, which entails mapping a user-friendly name to a routable address.

This is the DNS Domain Hierarchical Tree.

Top level domains available:

.com - commercial organization
.edu - educational institutions
.org - non-commercial organizations and institutions
.gov - reserved by the United Stated for government entities
.net - companies involved in the Internet infrastructure
Country names - to be used by countries
.biz - added to accommodate businesses
.info - informational websites
.aero - aerospace companies
.pro - used by professional groups

Well, there you have it. But if you have any questions just comment them and I'll ask my teacher. XD HAHA.